Can You Match the Terms to Their Definitions?
Your Guide to Agreement COVID-19 Terms
Medically Reviewed by Madeline Hubbard, RN, BSN
The COVID-nineteen pandemic has introduced a dizzying amount of unfamiliar terms and phrases into our everyday lives. Though they can exist confusing, it's of import to take an accurate understanding of their meanings, especially if we want our communities to navigate the pandemic safely. Beneath, nosotros've rounded up some of the most common COVID-nineteen-related terms — from how the virus spreads in communities, to treatment and test options to how to help slow the spread. Without a uncertainty, familiarizing yourself with this list is the first pace to ensuring a safer tomorrow for yourself and others.
- Coronavirus: There are many types of coronaviruses, all of which contain RNA and accept crown-shaped spikes on their surfaces. Unlike types of these viruses can cause mild illness similar the common cold, or more severe respiratory infections.
- SARS-CoV-2 or the "novel coronavirus": These are both terms for the coronavirus that has caused the COVID-xix pandemic. Because this item virus was novel to humans, there was no existing immunity or ability to fight off the virus' effects.
- COVID-xix: the name of the disease that SARS-COV-2 tin cause. COVID-nineteen is a shortened version of "coronavirus disease 2019."
- Zoonotic: A description of a disease that is able to spread from animals to humans. According to the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), zoonotic diseases are relatively common — 6 out of 10 of all known diseases are zoonotic.
- Outbreak: A localized uptick in cases. Outbreaks are often traceable to specific events like concerts, or locations like twenty-four hour period care centers or nursing homes.
- Epidemic: A larger than expected surge in the number of cases of a disease or illness in a particular geographic region or surface area.
- Pandemic: An epidemic that has spread across geographical or national boundaries and has affected a large number of people on a global calibration. COVID-nineteen was alleged a pandemic on March 11, 2020.
Transmission- & Spread-Related Terms
- Airborne Manual: A illness or illness that tin can exist spread from person to person through the air. Airborne diseases tend to be more contagious than those requiring concrete contact.
- Aerosol: A tiny particle of respiratory fluid that contains viral material and can remain in the air for a menstruation of time.
- Droplet: A small drop of fluid. Droplets containing a virus tin can be expelled when an infected person talks, breathes, sneezes, or coughs.
- R0/'R-goose egg': A number indicating the average number of people that will take hold of a disease or illness from one infected person. R0 is used as a measure of how contagious a affliction is. The R0 for COVID-nineteen transmission in the United States varies by region.
- Customs Transmission: This refers to cases of infection that cannot exist directly linked to known travel of an private or a previously identified positive case.
- Asymptomatic: When 1 is displaying no symptoms or outward signs of having a illness throughout the course of infection. Show suggests that individuals who are asymptomatic tin still transmit the virus to others.
- Presymptomatic/Incubation Period: When one is not withal displaying symptoms due to an early phase of infection. The virus tin still be spread during this time period.
- Super-spreader: A person who transmits a illness or disease to an unusually high number of people.
Prevention- & Mitigation-Related Terms
- Social and Physical Distancing: The practice of reducing close person-to-person contact in a community in lodge to decrease the manual charge per unit of a virus or affliction. Social distancing measures include instructions to work from home, plexiglass barriers, or six-foot markers in public spaces.
- Contact Tracing: The process of public wellness officials identifying individuals who have been infected with or exposed to a viral disease in gild to further mitigate and manage the virus'south spread inside a customs.
- Flattening the Curve: The "bend" here refers to the shape on graphs like number of cases or hospitalizations. 'Flattening' these curves involves taking steps similar sheltering in place, social distancing, and self quarantining in order to prevent surges of patients that need hospitalization and treatment all at once.
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): PPE refers to clothing or materials that are especially made to act equally a bulwark against exposure or infection. Examples of PPE include face shields, masks, goggles, gowns and gloves.
- N95: Likewise chosen a respirator, this special type of mask covers the olfactory organ and mouth and is manufactured to safely filter particles that can cause COVID-xix when fit-tested and used correctly. These masks are typically reserved for healthcare workers or those coming in close contact with agile infection, and are not recommended for apply in public.
- Quarantine/Cocky-Quarantine: A quarantine is a period of isolation following exposure or potential exposure to a virus, in order to foreclose passing the virus to others. Individuals who have been potentially exposed to COVID-19 are advised to quarantine for at least x days post-obit the exposure.
- Isolation/Cocky-Isolation: When an individual has a confirmed or suspected example of an illness or virus, they should isolate. Isolation differs from quarantine in that quarantine occurs following potential exposure to an affliction, and isolation occurs later on an individual has been infected.
- Vaccine: Vaccinations introduce a minor corporeality of inactivated or weakened virus and so that the torso can produce antibodies that work by recognizing the virus and preventing it from causing disease in the future. Vaccines are preventative measures that tin increment immunity on a big scale.
Testing- & Treatment-Related Terms:
- Molecular or Viral Test: A test used to determine if a person currently has an active infection from SARS-CoV-2. Viral tests work by analyzing a sample of saliva or mucus in order to determine whether the virus is present.
- Antibody Examination: A examination that detects whether a person has antibodies for a specific virus or illness. Antibodies are proteins created by the body'southward immune system that combat a specific virus or illness. These tests are non used to pick upwardly on active infections.
- Remdesivir (Veklury): An antiviral drug that has been canonical by the FDA for treatment of COVID-19. Remdesivir works by preventing replication of RNA within viral particles and so that the virus cannot multiply and spread within the body every bit easily.
- Dexamethasone: A corticosteroid with anti inflammatory and immunosuppressive furnishings, frequently used to gainsay respiratory illness. Dexamethasone is recommended as a treatment for moderate to severe COVID-nineteen to piece of work confronting tissue impairment in the lungs.
- Ventilator: When a patient isn't able to breathe on their own, a ventilator can exist used in the hospital to assistance them breathe. A tube is inserted into the patient's windpipe through the mouth and a car works to supply oxygen directly to the patient's lungs.
Resource Links:
- Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak Glossary via Kaiser Family Foundation (KFF)
- COVID-19 Glossary via Yale Medicine
- "Zoonotic Diseases" via Centers for Illness Command & Prevention (CDC)
- "Testing Overview" via Centers for Illness Command & Prevention (CDC)
- "Information for Clinicians on Investigational Therapeutics for Patients with COVID-nineteen" via Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC)
- "Science Brief: SARS-CoV-2 and Potential Airborne Manual" via Centers for Illness Control & Prevention (CDC)
- "Concluding written report confirms Remdesivir benefits for COVID-xix" via National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- "Is Dexamethasone the COVID-19 Cure Nosotros've Been Looking For?" via Reference
- "What Is Contact Tracing, and Why Is It Important During the COVID-19 Pandemic?" via Ask
- "COVID-19 Terms: The Departure Between Social Distancing, Concrete Distancing & More" via Reference
Source: https://www.symptomfind.com/health/covid19-terms?utm_content=params%3Ao%3D740013%26ad%3DdirN%26qo%3DserpIndex
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